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LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 



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OLD MISSION FOUNDED 1786 



PRESS OF C. L. DONOHOE SANTA BARBARA, CALIFORNIA 



V\_ / QJLo^XZ. 



AVERAGES 

DF TEMPERATURE, RAINFALL, RELATIVE HUMIDITY. 
AND WIND MOVEMENT, AT 

Santa Barbara, California, 

A.S OBSERVED DURING THE PAST QUARTER OF A CENTURY. 



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Mean Temperature 


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C) V 


January 


74.8 


37.1 


53.5 


67 


3.73 


3.5 


February 


78.2 


36.1 


54.8 


69 


3.21 


4.0 


March 


79.8 


38.3 


55.7 


70 


2.28 


4.5 


April 


82.0 


40.8 


58.0 


71 


1.18 


4.6 


May 


82.2 


44.5 


59.3 


73 


.36 


4.5 


June 


85.4 


47.9 


62.5 


74 


.10 


5.0 


July 


86.7 


52.3 ' 


65.2 


76 


.02 


4.2 


August 


87.0 


53.5 


66.7 


> — ' 

/ 3 


.CO 


4.0 


September 


88.2 


50.5 


66.0 


75 


.22 


3.6 


October 


87.9 


47.3 


62.6 


72 


.73 


3.5 


November 


84.0 


43.2 


dO.O 


06 


1.54 


3.1 


December 


77.1 


38.6 


■ : 5.7 


65 


3.63 


3.5 


Means 


£2.7 


44.1 


60.0 


n 


17.00 


4.0 



THE COUNTY OF 

Santa Barbara, California. 



Prepared under direction of F. Kahles, A. Goux, W. E. Johnson. W. H. Schuyler, 
and L. E. Blochman, Louisiana Purchase Exposition Commissioners for Santa Barbara 
County. C. W. Merritt, Secretary. 



GENERAL DESCRIPTION. 

Geographically and climatically, Santa Barbara County holds a pecu- 
liar and important position. Set as a rectangular parallelogram in that 
angle of the California coast where the shore line bends like an elbow 
at Point Conception and trends toward the sunrise, ribbed and stayed 
with parallel and transverse mountain ranges, broken and diversified by 
smiling and sun-lit valleys, washed by the sea on both southern and 
western shores, no county in the Golden State is more interesting or 
attractive. Its southern shore constitutes the only considerable east and 
west coast trend on our western littoral, hence it is the only shore line 
in all this western land that faces the sun. 

Lying as it does on both sides the isothermal wall between Northern 
and Southern California, its climate partakes of the best of each, that 
part lying north of the Santa Ynez range furnishing the best specimen 
of Northern California climate and that portion lying south of that 
range and along the shore of the Santa Barbara Channel, having long 
been famous as the climatic capital, not only of Southern California, but 
of the world. 

C^* £^W 5^% 

The Area of Santa Barbara County, including the islands of Santa Cruz 

and Santa Rosa, 25 miles south of the mainland. 

AREA AND ls 2630 square miles, being more than twice that 

of the State of Rhode Island. The entire east- 
TOPOGRAPHY • , . , . . 

ern portion is very mountainous and has been 

formed into the Santa Barbara Forest Reserve. 
It is no longer open for settlement and is under the care of the national 
government for the preservation of the forest growth and the conserva- 
tion of the water supply. 

The remainder of the county, constituting hardly one-half, is made 




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up of four principal valleys, viz : the Santa Maria Valley, along the 
river of that name and forming the northwestern part of the county; 
the Los Alamos Valley, drained by the San Antonio Creek ; the Lompoc 
Valley, forming the western part of the large valley drained by the Santa 
Ynez River, and the Santa Barbara Valley, constituting all that portion 
of the county lying south of the Santa Ynez mountains. 

For convenience of description, the county will be considered in detail 
by dividing it into three sections, naming them from the dominating 
community in each section, to-wit : Santa Barbara City and Valley, 
Lompoc Valley and Tributary District, and Santa Maria Valley and 
Tributary District. 



V7* c£* c^* 

SANTA BARBARA 

CITY AND VALLEY. 



The valley of Santa Barbara is not a valley in the sense of being 
a depression between two ranges of hills or mountains. It is rather a 
semi-valley sloping from the Santa Ynez range southward to the shore 
of the Santa Barbara Channel, that wonderfully placid summer sea, 
always a reservoir of warmth in winter and furnishing an element of 
coolness in summer. 

The area of this southerly slope is something over 100,000 acres, 
but that portion forming the level land of the valley and such foothills 
as are not too abrupt for cultivation, comprises but little more than half 
this area. It is a long, narrow strip, varying in width from two to five 
miles, with a length of something over fifty miles, for the valley is gen- 
erally recognized as beginning at Rincon Creek, the boundary between 
Santa Barbara and Ventura Counties and extending to the Gaviota Pass, 
where a narrow gorge through the mountain range forms a gateway to 
the interior of the county. 

The shore line of the valley runs almost exactly east and west. 
Through its length it faces the sun. No other considerable stretch 
of coast on the western shore of the United States has this southern 
exposure, which accounts in part for its peerless climate. Flanking 
this valley and rising like a mighty protecting wall on the north is the 
rugged range of the Santa Ynez, rock-ribbed and riven, with an average 
height of more than 3000 feet above the sea and culminating in Santa 
Ynez Peak, 4200 feet in height — the highest summit on the immediate 
shore of the Pacific between Alaska and Mexico. 




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Beginning at the easterly end of the valley, we find first what is 

known as the Carpinteria, a level tract compris- 
LOCAL m * some seven or eight thousand acres, and in- 

cluding a small amount of mesa and hill land 
TOPOGRAPHY at ffa & f 00 f- Q f t ^ e mountains. This valley has 
an alluvial soil of great depth, and altogether it 
is one of the most productive bits of earth to be found in California. 
It is but a few feet above sea level, gradually rising, however, as the 
mountains are approached, so that the northern edge of the valley has 
a most attractive outlook over the Channel, the blue outlines of the 
Channel Islands bounding the horizon to the southward. In addition 
to the streams that come down from the mountains, artesian water is 
found in many parts of the Carpinteria, and wells may be dug at small 
expense, as the distance to water is not great. 

West of the Carpinteria, a foothill spur, known as Ortega Hill, comes 
down to the shore, and in a little depression of the hill with an eleva- 
tion of 20 or 30 feet above the water is the little oil village of Summer- 
land, originally started as a Spiritualist colony, but grown more material 
owing to the discovery of petroleum at this point. Here are located 
the famous sub-marine oil wells of California, so called because the 
wells are drilled from wharves that run out into the channel for hun- 
dreds of feet and the oil secured from the bed of the sea. 

Ortega Hill is the easterly boundary of the charming valley of 
Montecito, "little forest," as its name implies. The "Happy Valley" of 
Rasselas would seem quite tame beside the loveliness of far-famed Monte- 
cito, where much of the primeval wildwood is still retained in all its 
native tangle and where through a forest park are scattered many homes 
of elegance and refinement. Nowhere else is found such a happy com- 
bination of balmy airs and peerless landscapes. The beauty of the oak- 
embowered homes defies description in words, and the camera does but 
faint justice to pictures that revel in tone and color. Here the floor of 
the valley rises by a gradual slope from the shore of the Channel to 
the base of the mountains, there being but little in the nature of foot- 
hills at this point of the range. Above the valley, almost half way up the 
side of Mount Agua Caliente, are the famous Hot Springs, where many 
invalids have left behind their aches and pains to begin the world anew 
in health. Overlooking the Springs and the valley are Points Arthur 
and Lookout, from which remarkable scenic views embracing a wide 
extent of ocean, valley and mountains may be obtained. 

Westward from Montecito the foothills again more closely approach 
the sea, but the coast, taking a slight southerly bend, leaves the hills and 
skirts for the distance of a couple of miles a low shore that gradually 
rises by a gentle slope of about 100 feet to the mile. On this slope is 
located the city of Santa Barbara, more "beautiful for situation" than 
Zion of old. Southwestwardly from the city and running the bold and well- 
known promontory of Castle Rock into the Bay, commences a low range 
of hills known as "The Mesa." which for a distance of some six or seven 
miles follows the shore line westwardly. These hills, from 300 to 600 feet 




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in height, and which on the northerly side are quite steep and thickly 
wooded in places, slope off to the high cliffs along the shore in almost 
level table lands. Between this range of hills and the mountains is a 
continuation westwardly of the slightly elevated valley in whose eastern 
embouchure lies the city of Santa Barbara. This valley is much sheltered 
from the cooler winds of the sea by the range of hills mentioned, and 
much of the fog that skirts at times the shore is shut out of this portion 
of the valley by the same protecting hills. 

Some two thousand acres of this hill and mesa tract at a point where 
it is greatly diversified by wooded hills, shady canons, grassy groves of 
moss-draped oaks and open glades, form what is known as the Hope 
Ranch, a growing rival of Montecito and an area of wonderful possi- 
bilities. It is now being put in readiness for the elegant homes of its 
millionaire owners and others who can command the means to build 
with the required magnificence. A beautiful lake more than a mile in 
circumference, miles and and miles of macadamized roads, delightful 
picnic grounds and a most attractive beach some two miles in length, are 
among the charms of this favored spot. 

About six miles westwardly from Santa Barbara, the "Mesa" ends and 
the valley is again open to the sea with a width of four or five miles, 
here being the widest part of the Santa Barbara Valley. 

This is the noted Goleta Valley, a name synonymous with luxuriant 
walnut groves and colossal squashes. Here is found a soil of like fer- 
tility to that of the rich Carpinteria District, and the same products are 
in evidence. Artesian water is found in some portions of the valley ; 
wells may be readily dug, and from the mountain streams much water 
is secured. Near the ocean front at the westerly end of the Goleta Dis- 
trict are very important asphaltum mines, from which thousands of tons 
have been taken, they being the oldest mines of that character in the 
United States. The extent of the deposit is unknown, but there is every 
indication that it underlies a large extent of territory and is without 
doubt indicative of rich deposits of petroleum below. 

Bounding the Goleta Valley on the west and consisting of valley, 
canon, and mesa lands, are the famous ranches of "Glen Annie, ' the old 
home of Col. Hollister, one of Santa Barbara's most energetic and best 
known pioneers, now deceased, and "Ellwood," the scene of the pioneer 
experiments in olive production in California, and where is located 
what is still the most noted olive orchard in the United States. It is 
the home of Hon. Ellwood Copper, State Commissioner of Horticulture, 
whose name all over the Pacific Coast is synonymous with purity of 
product. 

As these ranches are passed, the hills again approach the sea in long 
rolling spurs with fertile canons or narrow valleys running far back 
into the recesses of the hills. This condition obtains for the next 25 or 
30 miles until the Gaviota Pass is reached, the hills becoming more 
abrupt, the canons narrower and of shorter drainage. At Gaviota the 
mountain range, considerably lowered in elevation, comes practically down 
to the sea, but is cut in twain by the wonderful gorge of the Gaviota 

9 




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Creek, flowing down from the district behind the shore mountains. At 
the Pass the district known as the Santa Barbara Valley ends, the last 
15 or 20 miles having little of the characteristics of a valley, so closely 
do the mountains crowd the sea. 

^7% -^W *2r* 

We have noticed elsewhere the east and west trend of the southern 

coast of Santa Barbara County. This trend has 
much to do with the peerless climate of this fa- 
CLIMATE vored shore. It gives a full southern exposure 

to the sun, which from rising to setting shines 
directly into the valley. The prevailing winds 
on the coast of California, north of Point Conception, are the northwest 
trades, and they blow with a great deal of force and persistency through 
two-thirds of the year. When, however, Point Conception is reached, 
and the wind-beaten shore makes the sharp turn to the eastward to bask 
in the sun of a winterless year, the baffled winds go storming along their 
initial direction, striking the outermost of the Channel Islands with con- 
siderable violence. But they are no more known along the southern 
shore of Santa Barbara County, and the gentle breeze from the Channel 
that cools to a delicious freshness the summer days of the Santa Barbara 
Valley, has none of the elements of forceful rawness that characterizes 
the occidental Kewaydin that storms the Pacific Coast from Vancouver 
to Point Concepcion. 

So lies this valley, basking in the sun and walled on the north against 
Boreas' chilling breath by a mountain range nearly 4000 feet high. The 
Santa Barbara Channel, 25 miles wide and 70 miles long, washes the 
whole length of this sun-kissed shore. Here is found the most placid 
stretch of salt water of equal size on the globe, and here Uncle Sam's 
warships are tested for speed in their trial runs. Here is stored up the 
warmth of a southern sun to be given out as needed during the winter 
months. The cold current that washes the Coast of California, flowing 
between it and the Black Current of Japan, does not flow into this Chan- 
nel, but, like the northwest trade winds, is deflected outside of the Chan- 
nel Islands. The current in the Channel is a return one from the south, 
and the surface water during the summer months shows a temperature 
of 68 to 74 degrees. Winter makes but little change, the lowest tempera- 
ture of the water during January and February being 60 degrees, so that 
surf bathing may be safely indulged in on any pleasant day of the year. 
The Channel is almost land-locked at its eastern extremity, the passage 
between Anacapa Island and the mainland being but io 1 /^ miles wide, 
and the rare occasions when a S. E. wind blows are the only times when 
waves of any magnitude are produced along the Santa Barbara shore. 
If the wind varies a point or two from a given direction, it does not blow 
directly through the Anacapa Passage and hence is much modified by the 
mountainous character of both the mainland and the island barriers. 
Consequently a gale of noticeable force in the Santa Barbara Channel is 
a matter of such rare occurrence as to be but the reminiscent recollection 
of some lingering survivor of a distant past. 

11 





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When Helen Hunt Jackson said "Climate is Fate," she condensed into 
an aphorism the story of Santa Barbara's past history, its present attrac- 
tion, its future greatness. Though surrounded by a landscape whose 
varying delights are the artist's, despair, Santa Barbara could never have 
drawn to herself such an appreciative people were the climate less than 
it is, the most perfect in the zvorld. 

Temperature tables are wearisome. Let us condense them into some 
brief statements. This is the thermometer's record for the past ten years : 

Year Highest Tem. Lowest Year Highest Tern. Lowest 



i894 94 deg 

1895 91 deg 

1896 98 deg 

189/ 93 deg 

1898 95 deg 



m. Lo 


west 


33 


deg. 


37 


deg. 


39 


deg. 


32 


deg. 


34 


deg. 



1899 93 deg. 29 deg. 

1900 96 deg. 40 deg. 

1901 96 deg. 35 deg. 

1902 90 deg. 35 deg. 

1903 95 deg. 32 deg. 



Only once, as shown above, has the mercury dropped below freezing 
during the last ten years, and then but three degrees just before sunrise. 
The noon temperature of the same day was 52 degrees. During these ten 
years the thermometer registered above '80 degrees on 210 days, or an 
average of but 21 days in the year. The number of days above 90 degrees 
was but 12 in the ten years, or a fraction over one day per year. The 
warmest night in ten years was 67 degrees, and there were but two of 
those. Persons who think our summers must be hot because our winters 
are so mild, will read the above figures with interest. The rare occa- 
sions of a high temperature for a few hours only, once or twice a year. 
are accompaniments of a dry atmospheric current from the interior, and 
consequently are devoid of the oppressiveness of a humid eastern atmos- 
phere at a like temperature. 

The average velocity of the wind is 4 miles per hour, being 3.6 miles 
for the winter months, 4.5 for the spring months. 4.4 for the summer 
months and 3.4 for the fall months. 

This low wind movement is responsible in a measure for the low hu- 
midity of the atmosphere in Santa Barbara, something without a parallel 
in a shore climate. This humidity has an annual average of 71 per cent. 
The humidity of the winter months, when a high degree would chill, is 
only 67 per cent, and in the foothill districts but 53 per cent. 

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN MONTHLY MEAN TEMPERATURE, 

JANUARY AND JULY. 

Naples, Italy 30 7 Rome, Italy 25 

Nice, France 30 Auckland, New Zealand 19 

Jacksonville, Fla 28 Los Angeles, Cal 15 

Cairo, Egypt 27 Santa Barbara, Cal 12° 

Equable temperatures are sometimes produced by a constant state of 
cloudiness, but this is not the case in Santa Barbara, the sunshine record 
showing an average of 240 clear days per year. Of the remaining days, 65 
are partially cloudy, with sunshine part of the day. Of the wholly cloudy 
days there are on the average 60, or one day in six, just enough to prevent 
the sunshine from becoming monotonous. Nearly all these cloudy days 
are in summer, when the sun's heat and light are the more agreeable from 

13 




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being slightly curtained at times. The winter clays are usually cloudless, 
and the direct rays of the sun shining full into the valley from rising to 
setting, warm and dry the air to a degree of balminess elsewhere unknown. 
The warm air is prevented from escaping inland by the mountain range so 
near the shore, and the air immediately over the waters of the Channel 
being never below a temperature of 60 degrees in winter, it is very easy to 
understand why delicate plants and tender vegetables here thrive un- 
touched by frost. 

The close proximity of the mountains to the sea causes a commingling 
of the dry atmosphere of the elevated regions with the moister airs 
from the ocean, producing a combination in which the best elements of each 
are preserved. It is difficult to define the peculiar charm of this peerless 
blend, and thus far it has quite baffled the investigations of observers. 

Prof. Alex. G. McAdie, than whom no man on the Pacific Coast is more 
competent to express an opinion, in speaking of the air movement here, 
says : "The movement is slight, and while we have pure air, it is, as a 
rule, mountain air moved slowly to the sea and tempered to such an extent 
that its effect is soothing and refreshing. There is something in the air 
here that our instruments cannot quite record, but we all know that it is 
there, and some day perhaps we will find out what it is." 

^5* t(7* 4^* 

The Santa Barbara Valley has a variety of soils ranging from the 

heavy black adobe of inexhaustible fertility to 
the light clay loams of the mesas and hills. The 
SOILS most desirable soil is the alluvial of the valley 

proper and the small valleys tributary thereto. 
These soils are rich, easily worked and give the 
best results with all kinds of crops. The mesa soils are suitable for hay 
and grain and some kinds of fruits. The adobe soils are somewhat dif- 
ficult to work, but with skillful cultivation yield most bountifully in crops 
of hay, grain or corn, and furnish luxuriant pasturage. 

The wonderful fertility of the soils is owing to the fact that the coast 
formation dates to the Tertiary geological period, when a luxuriant veg- 
etation and great development of animal life left rich remains that now 
form the inexhaustible reserve of plant food constantly being eroded 
from the mountains and which is charged with an abundant supply of 
the phosphates, sulphates and carbonates that go to the making of a 
fertile soil. 

5(5* 5^7* V?* 

Everything that grows in the Temperate Zone and nearly everything 

that grows in the tropics as well, in the Santa 
Barbara Valley finds favoring conditions. Of 
PRODUCTIONS farm crops the most important are hay, Lima 
beans, barley, oats, wheat, corn, potatoes, on- 
ions, etc. Hay is made from barley, oats or 

wheat, cut when green and cured. Some alfalfa is raised in the Car- 

15 






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pinteria and Goleta Valleys. The Lima bean is a popular and profitable 
product, the alluvial soils of the Carpinteria and Goleta districts being 
especially adapted to its production. A ton to the acre is a fair crop and 
brings from $50 to $100 per ton. 

The raising of vegetables and small fruits, with the increasing non- 
productive population, is annually becoming more profitable. This line 
of effort is more and more commending itself to the attention of those 
who look to the cultivation of the soil for a living. There is room in 
the Santa Barbara Valley for many such farmers, who by intensive cul- 
tivation can make five or ten acres produce an equal quantity with 40 or 
80 acres farmed in the easy-going western style. Such land may be had 
within easy distance of the city, say five to twelve miles, for $100 to $300 
per acre, the latter price representing the very best of the alluvial soils, 
well located. Mesa and hill lands may be purchased at less figures, say 
from $25 to $50 per acre. Small dairies, located among the foothills, are 
also sources of profit, milk and butter being in large demand. 

5^7* c^ 1 * c^* 

The most profitable production of the Santa Barbara Valley, all things 

considered, is the English walnut. It was here 

that the tree was first planted on a large scale, 

HORTICULTURE and the most popular variety, the Santa Barbara 

Soft-shell, originated. Some orchards are planted 

by placing the nut where the tree is desired, but 

most growers purchase trees two or three years old, when they are from 

three to five feet high. They are placed from forty to sixty feet apart, 

fifty feet being now the favorite distance. The tree comes into bearing 

in from four to five years after transplanting, up to which time other 

quick bearing deciduous trees may be planted between the rows, or 

farm crops may be cultivated. 

No technical training is necessary in the production of the walnut, the 
cultivation being simple and limited to plowing, harrowing or cultivating 
the soil. All weeds should be kept down and the land plowed at least 
twice during the winter and early spring. The nuts begin to drop from the 
trees in the latter part of September. Their fall is assisted by a shaking of 
the trees and the nuts are then picked up and thoroughly dried in wooden 
trays. After being graded by passing over or through a wire mesh, they 
are dipped in a "bleach," which greatly improves the appearance of the nut 
and works no injury. They are then dried off and put into sacks for ship- 
ment. There is considerable competition among the commission men of 
San Francisco, Los Angeles and eastern cities for the product and it is 
promptly sold at prices fixed by the Walnut Growers' Association. The 
crop for 1903 amounted to about 1500 tons and brought the growers the 
sum of $350,000. Of this sum at least $300,000 was realized over the cost 
of production. 

Good walnut land may be purchased at prices varying from $250 to 
$300 per acre. With trees in full bearing, the cost is from $400 to $600 
per acre. As the walnut is much more profitable than the orange, these 
prices seem very reasonable. 

17 




OLIVE ORCHARD, ELLWOOD, NEAR SANTA BARBARA. 



The olive grows most luxuriantly in all parts of the Santa Barbara 

Valley, but especially in the foothill region. It 
jup adapts itself to all kinds of soils, and with care- 

ful cultivation needs no irrigation even on hill 
OLIVE land. Good olive land may be purchased for $25 

to $100 per acre. There is nothing more beauti- 
ful than a thrifty olive grove, and the demand both for olive oil and 
pickled olives is increasing each year as the people learn its food value 
and its importance medicinally. 

c£* c^t* <<£* 

The mildness of the winters and the coolness of the summers are very 

favorable for the production of the lemon. No- 
rpuc where does it grow more vigorously or produce 

more abundantly. There is an aesthetic charm 
LEMON to ftg cultivation that appeals to persons of cul- 

ture and refinement and to those who take pleas- 
ure in painstaking and intelligent horticulture. 

The great distance from the eastern markets and the competition of the 
foreign lemon are factors in reducing the profits of lemon culture in this 
valley, but growers believe that by organization and more careful handling 
of the product, a good margin over production may still be realized. 

s&* %e*i <&* 

Apples, pears, quinces, peaches, prunes, persimmons, apricots, loquots, 

pomegranates, oranges, limes, citrons, pomelos, 

OTHER guavas, figs, plums and grapes of all varieties grow 

in this favored valley, and strawberries all the 

FRUITS year round are a feature particularly pleasing to 

the newcomer. Raspberries, loganberries, and 

blackberries grow well and are very profitable, the demand for such small 

fruits exceeding the supply. The cherimoyer or custard-apple, the banana, 

the date and the pineapple are among the semi-tropical fruits grown here, 

though not to such an extent as to cut any marketable figure. 

5^W t£* (*7* 

SCENIC BEAUTY. 

The bay of Santa Barbara is as noted for its beauty as that of famed 

Naples, which it so much resembles. Looking 
THE BAY eastwardly from the heights south of the city, 

Rincon Peak, marking the eastern horn of the 
AND CHANNEL crescent shore, constantly reminds traveled ob- 
servers of Vesuvius, though, happily, no ominous 
column of smoke from its summit tells of possible death-dealing fires 
below. From Point Santa Barbara, where, like a sentinel in white, the 
lighthouse stands, the shore line of the bay sweeps in a great curve of 

19 



some 15 miles in length, now with wave-lapped, sandy shore, anon with 
low bluffs that bound oak- dotted mesas. On this shore, where winter 
never comes, the wavelets ripple like the waters of an inland lake. Craft 
of every size, from the tiny yacht to the ocean liner, may lie with perfect 
safety at anchor in this bay, for here the storm never comes ; no harbor 
dues are exacted nor pilot required for entrance. 

*£& V7* t&* 

Looking from Santa Barbara across the channel, one sees the blue 

outlines of the mountainous Channel Islands — San 

ISI AND Miguel, Santa Rosa, Santa Cruz and Anacapa. 

The visitor is at once attracted by the possibilities 

WONDERLAND ^hat may exist in those hazy regions out on the 

edge of the world, and wants to know more of 

them. These islands are growing in popularity, and cottages are now 

being erected, with a common dining-room under hotel management, 

which was opened March 1st, 1904, at which time regular communication 

with the mainland began, although parties in the past have frequently 

been made up for a week or a month's sojourn amid this wonderful group. 

This is a fisherman's paradise, for the waters teem with fish of many 

species, including the gamy tuna. 

The formation of the islands is volcanic, and, being of various hard 
and soft strata, the winds and waves through many ages have hollowed 
out wonderful caverns and chambers along the precipitous shores. Into 
these the sea breaks with deep bellowings, and he is a bold mariner who, 
after passing beyond the twilight that comes from the outer world, dares 
venture into a darkness whose extent can only be surmised from the start- 
ling echoes that come from apparently unfathomable recesses. 

t&* -^* ^7* 

Though but 4000 feet in height, yet so near is the Santa Ynez range 

to the sea that in apparent elevation it vies with 
UlirrFD peaks of twice that altitude located farther 

inland. From every spur, as one mounts toward 
MOUNTAINS their rocky crests, the widening scene grows more 

grandly beautiful until the culmination is reached 
at La Cumbre's pinnacle, and the mighty panorama of ocean, island, val- 
ley, city and foothill is spread below. Northward the mountains, range 
upon range, stretch away in the vivid sunlight, their gashed and riven 
sides holding in hidden embrace tree-shadowed canons where purling 
brooks leap from fall to fall. Eastward the eye follows the axis of the 
range, peak after peak, until the Sierra Madre del Sur marks the dented 
horizon line. Southward, over the vast Pacific, where purple islands are 
moored in a sapphire sea, the eye sweeps a horizon more than a hundred 
mijes in length. Westward, over peak and spur and pass, till the glor- 
ious vision in a haze of afternoon splendor, sinks and dies in the western 
sea. Through these mountains the government has built trails, for it is 
a part of the great Santa Barbara Forest Reserve, and the citizens of 

21 




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Santa Barbara have by private subscription constructed a magnificent trail 
with a wagon road grade, to connect the drives of the valley with this 
system of trails. Ultimately this connecting trail will be widened into a 
wagon road and the trip to these wonderful scenic points made in ease 
and luxury. 

c<5* ^% ^7% 

If t he winters of Santa Barbara seem the perfection of atmospheric 

conditions, what shall we say of its summers? 

SURF AND With a temperature of 60 degrees at night, rising 

during the day to 75 degrees, the genial warmth 

PLUNGE freshened by a most deliciously gentle breeze, with 

no scorching sun nor blistering wind, no electrical 

storms nor drizzling rains, the summer in Santa Barbara is, as in the land 

of the Lotus Eaters, "always afternoon." 

And the beach at Santa Barbara offers unusual advantages to the sum- 
mer visitor, because all the unpleasant features incident in a greater or 
less degree to other beaches, are here absent. There is no treacherous un- 
dertow constantly claiming its victims, no murderous stingrays lurking 
to stab the unwary limb, no raw winds to chill and annoy. The south- 
east exposure of the beach, too, has much to do with its attractiveness, 
as the disagreeable glare of the westering sun in the afternoon is thereby 
escaped and the pleasure of lying on the sand and watching the play 
of the waves is thus unmarred by the tanning reflection of a sun directly 
in front. 

The summer temperature of the water — 68 to 74 — makes sea-bathing 
a delightful experience, but for especially delicate constitutions the tem- 
pered salt water of the plunge in the magnificent "Los Banos del Mar," 
the most beautiful bathing establishment on the Pacific Coast, is found 
very agreeable. 

C^T* C*5* 5^7* 

To the sportsman and the lover of healthful outdoor exercise, Santa 

Barbara offers unusual attractions and opportuni- 

SPORTS AND ^ es " "^ * s one °^ ^ ie ver y ^ ew pl aces where prac- 

tically all forms of sport and recreation can be 

RECREATION enjoyed throughout the entire year, and for this 

reason much of the social life of the city and 
suburbs centers about the polo fields, the golf links and the various other 
places where sport in its different forms is indulged in. Baseball, tennis 
and lacrosse have a large number of devotees ; also bowling, squash and 
blue-rock shooting. Within the last year the facilities for fishing, sailing 
and rowing have been greatly increased, and much more interest is taken 
in water sports than formerly. In the great government reserve near the 
city is a large stock of wild game of every desecription, where fine shoot- 
ing may be had in the open season. 

23 




CITY OF SANTA BARBARA — CHA 




TEL ISLANDS IN THE DISTANCE. 




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Santa Barbara and the immediate vicinity constitute the ideal home- 
land. A climate so equable as to seem one eternal 
THF TFIVI May, the entire absence of all malaria, the wealth 

of sunshine, the never-ending delight of the most 
OF HOMELANDS beautiful scenery and the exhuberant growth of 
temperate and tropical fruits, flowers, shrubs and 
trees, together combine to assist in the making of homes, which in their 
perfect adaptation to the physical and mental well-being, rob one of all 
desire for a "mansion in the skies." 

Here the palm and pine, the maple and magnolia, the oak and oleander, 
grow side by side in equal vigor. In the gardens are found the fruits 
and flowers of every zone, with strawberries every month in the year. 

To the advantages mentioned may be added the wonderful healthiness 
of the children, the comparative immunity from disease and the superior 
educational facilities afforded by the many institutions, both public and 
private, for equipping the young for their life work. 

«^% £fr s&w 

THE CITY OF SANTA BARBARA. 

Cabrillo visited the spot on which the city stands in 1543. Vizcaino 
in 1603 named the Channel Santa Barbara, because he entered it on Saint 
Barbara's day, December 4, 1603. Nothing occurred to furnish historical 
data concerning the place until April 21, 1782, when the Presidio of Santa 
Barbara, under the direction of Junipero Serra, was founded. The Mis- 
sion whose gray towers crown the slope on which the city rests was 
founded four years later, December 4, 1786. It is the only mission of 
more than a score established on the Pacific Coast, in which the daily 
ministrations of the Franciscan order have not ceased since the founding. 
It is the chief lion of the place, and is visited by thousands every year. 

The permanent population of the city is now something over 10,000, 
which is swelled at all seasons of the year, but more especially in winter, 
by a large number of transients. Indeed, so popular has it become with 
the wealth and fashion of the country that it is everywhere known as the 
"Newport of the Pacific." 

While the growth of the city for the last few years has been rapid, 
yet it has been most substantial, with no indications of a "boom." There 
are four prosperous banks, with deposits amounting to more than two and 
a half millions. Three daily and two weekly newspapers keep the people 
informed on current events. All the leading denominations of the country 
are represented, many of them being housed in substantial churches. Fra- 
ternal orders are legion, and many social clubs add to the zest of life. 
A t fine Public Library of 15,000 volumes is comfortably and conveniently 
located. 

Being on the main line of the Southern Pacific, the means of exit and 
entrance are ample. The fine steamers of the Pacific Coast Steamship 
Company give water communication with north and south, there being a 

27 




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steamer every other Jay. There is an excellent electric street car service 
and no city in the state has such a large and varied livery service, the 
prices charged for the latter being exceptionally low. 

For the housing of guests the city is eminently fitted. Not only are 
there many boarding houses of superior excellence, and several good hotels 
of moderate size, but the city is especially noted as possessing the finest 
tourist hotel on the Pacific Coast, the "Potter," which opened for guests 
in January, 1903, and immediately sprang into the most enviable popularity. 
It is a marvel of comfort, elegance and safety, and has accommodations 
for a thousand guests. It is open winter and summer and has been emi- 
nently successful from the start. 

The "Arlington," Santa Barbara's pioneer tourist hotel, and for many 
years the best hotel in Southern California, has accommodations for 500 
guests and is most conveniently located near the business center. 

Rents in Santa Barbara are reasonable, unfurnished houses costing 
from $12 to $50 per month, the smaller amount being for a cottage of four 
or five rooms, and the larger for a house of perhaps ten rooms, with cot- 
tages of all sizes and qualities to be had for the figures between. Fur- 
nished cottages cost from $25 per month upward. 

Good residence lots are worth from $500 to $1000. Houses may be as 
cheaply constructed here as in the east, and in some particulars much 
more cheaply, owing to the mildness of the climate. The cost of living is 
somewhat higher than in the east, owing largely to the greater cost of 
service. The necessaries of life, however, compare favorably in price 
with the same articles in any part of the country. The city is well sup- 
plied with large and prosperous business houses, some being as elegantly 
appointed and carrying as large stocks as any retail establishments on the 
coast. 

The city's water supply, always a source of interest to would-be resi- 
dents, is of first-rate quality, the source being a tunnel that pierces the 
mountain range to the depth of a mile and furnishing the purest of water. 
Owing to the height at which the portal of the tunnel is located, ample 
pressure for extinguishing fires is secured. 

An active Chamber of Commerce is one of the features of Santa Bar- 
bara business life, and any information desired may be obtained by writ- 
ing the Secretary, Mr. C. M. Gidney. 

»^» 5(5* ^7* 

LOMPOC VALLEY AND TRIBUTARY DISTRICT. 

Lompoc Valley, comprising an area of between 12,000 and 13,000 acres 
of level land, constitutes one of the most fertile tracts in the State of 
California. Here in ages past the Santa Ynez River, flowing from the 
mountainous slopes of eastern Santa Barbara County, formed a large 
lake and into it poured its sediment-laden waters through countless years. 
This sediment, composed of the rich humus that forms under the brush 
and timber of the mountain sides, was deposited in the bottom of the lake, 

29 




THE FAMOUS ELLWOOD COOPER OLIVE TOWER. 



until a bed of solid alluvium many feet in depth was formed. The grad- 
ual wearing down of the lake's outlet to the sea finally allowed the escape 
of the impounded waters, and the fertile valley lay virgin to the sun 
and plow. 

Outside the valley proper, the Lompoc district comprises some 200,000 
acres, made up of small valleys, table-lands, rolling hills and mountains. 
The district has a frontage on the Santa Barbara Channel of some fifteen 
miles, with a Pacific shore line on the west of between 25 and 30 miles. 
The great continental outpost of Point Conception forms a salient angle 
at the southwest corner and marks the dividing line between Northern 
and Southern California. 

There are in all some 150,000 acres suitable for cultivation, leaving 
between 60,000 and 70,000 acres of grazing and brush-covered mountain 
land. 

e£* feT* &5* 

The sedimentary soil of the Lompoc and tributary valleys is exceedingly 

productive and of a fertility that shows no indi- 
cation of exhaustion. On this soil, wherever 
SOIL found, all kinds of farm crops and fruits grow 

luxuriantly. The soils of the table-lands and 
hills are lighter, but produce a fine quality of 

grain, hay and fruit. 

5^7% ^5* £fr 

Immediately on the Pacific the northwest trade winds that blow during 

the summer months and come moisture-laden 
from a journey across thousands of miles of 
CLIMATE ocean, are somewhat raw. Passing inland, they 

gradually lose their moisture and become warmer, 
though still carrying the freshness and purity of 
the ocean's ozone. These moisture-laden winds bring many cloudy or 
partially cloudy days during the summer months, just when they are most 
likely to be appreciated, and it is beyond question that farm operations 
can be carried on in Lompoc during the summer with greater comfort 
than in almost any other section of the United States. On the approach 
of the winter season the trade winds cease, and then comes a most de- 
lightful succession of sunlit days which, owing to the southern latitude, 
are warm and pleasant. These features of a cool summer and a warm 
winter give Lompoc Valley a very equable climate, the difference betwen 
the mean temperature of July and January being but 12 degrees. As in 
a New England September, occasionally during the winter ice will form 
in low places. About one day in five is windy, taking the year through, 
and the most of this is in the months of March, April and May. The 
annual rainfall, from observations covering a period of 20 years, is about 
17 inches. The average number of clear days during the year is the 
same as that recorded for Los Angeles, 165, being 25 more than for San 
Francisco. 

31 




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Lompoc Valley is essentially agricultural. No better soil may be found 

anywhere. Every crop thrives to a bountiful 

harvest, and that most exhaustive of all crops, 

AGRICULTURE English mustard, here finds a soil that can stand 

its strain and yield to the farmer a lucrative 

profit. In addition to English mustard, which is 

produced in marketable quantities nowhere else in the United States, 

wheat, barley, oats, beans, corn, potatoes, flax, onions, sugar beets and 

all kinds of vegetables are grown. Indeed, it would be difficult to point 

out a locality where a more varied list of agricultural products will grow 

in paying quantities than here. 

Barley is the most important crop from a money point of view. It is 
grown generally on the mesas and lighter soils. From English mustard 
sometimes a quarter of a million dollars is realized. Oats do well and 
the crop each year is growing more important. Beans have yielded as 
high as two tons per acre and are a very profitable crop. The kinds grown 
are the small white and the colored varieties. Potatoes do well, and the 
quality is such that the Lompoc Burbanks have/ gained a most enviable 
reputation all along the coast. Onions are also a profitable crop, from 
$100 to $300 per acre being realized. Hay is made from wheat, oats and 
barley, cut before ripe and cured. 

fcT* e*5* «5* 1 

Cherries, pears, apricots, plums and all kinds of berries do well in the 

Lompoc and minor valleys and mesas tributary 

thereto, but the staple fruit crop is the apple. 

HORTICULTURE This fruit is being grown with eminent success 

in all parts of the valley, and the quality and 

yield is unexcelled. An orchard of choice winter 

apples in full bearing is much more profitable than an orange grove, and 

the demand for the fruit is constantly outrunning the supply. The crop 

is frequently sold before ready for harvesting. The codlin moth has not 

invaded the Lompoc Valley, and the apples grown here are never "wormy." 

They have taken the first prize at two national fairs and at the only State 

Fair at which they were exhibited. 

Strawberries, blackberries, loganberries and raspberries do well, the 
soil being eminently adapted to these products. 

Poultry raising is beginning to form an important feature of industrial 
Lompoc, and the growing capital of the county, Santa Barbara, is proving 
an excellent market for such products. Bee-keeping, though in its infancy, 
is also a profitable business, the honey flora of this section being very 
extensive. 

c5* *<5* ««£* 

These are the most important industries of the Lompoc district. No 

section of California is more favorably situated 

DAIRYINC AND ^ or ^ e P r °duction of milk and butter. During 

1903, 800,000 pounds of butter were made and 

STOCKRAISIING so \^ f or $200,000. In addition to the butter made, 

an amount of cream probably equal in value to 

one-half the above sum was shipped to Santa Barbara and Los Angeles. 

35 









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The prevalence of fog along the coast during the spring months lengthens 
the term of green feed two or three months beyond that of interior dis- 
tricts. The same advantages apply as well to stock raising, the superior 
strength and continuation of the feed and the mild climate maturing the 
cattle quicker than in many other sections. 

While Lompoc Valley and vicinity are rich in mineral products, the 

most important is petroleum, the development of 
which, though but recently begun, indicates that 
MINERALS here is to be found one of the most important oil 

fields in America. The depth of the wells, some 
2000 to 3000 feet, and the thickness of the oil- 
bearing sand stratum, which in some wells exceeds 1000 feet, shows that an 
inexhaustible supply of this valuable product underlies this region, which 
comprises a territory of some 300 square miles. From 150 to 1000 bar- 
rels per day is the average product of the wells at present being operated. 
Lime rock and diatomaceous earth are two important minerals that are 
being extensively mined in the vicinity of Lompoc, both being of a superior 
quality. 

t&* %&& %0* 

The rolling lands and mesas, suitable for the production of grains and 

certain fruits, are worth from $10 to $40 per 

PRICES OF acre. The valley lands in the Lompoc Valley 

proper are worth from $100 to $150 per acre, and 

LANDS, ETC. [ n ^ Q smaller valleys from $50 to $75 per acre. 

Grazing lands may be purchased at various prices 

ranging from $2 to $20 per acre. 

The total income from the Lompoc district during the past year 
amounted to over one million dollars. With the subdivision of the large 
ranchos into small holdings, this income would be trebled. 

^% ^% ^% 

THE TOWN OF LOMPOC. 

Is situated on a slight elevation at the foot of the Lompoc hills, nine 
miles from the sea and at the terminus of the Lompoc Branch R. R., run- 
ning from the main line of the Southern Pacific, which crosses the mouth 
of the valley on the shore of the Pacific. It is an incorporated city of 
the sixth class, has a population of 1500, fine water system owned by the 
municipality, good graded streets, well graveled, with cement and as- 
phaltum sidewalks. One of the finest drives in California connects it 
with the ocean. No saloons are tolerated in the town, and the rate of 
taxation is less than outside the municipality. There is a fine High School 
building where four teachers are employed, and a very superior Grammar 
School with five teachers. The Bank of Lompoc is a substantial institu- 
tion with a capital of $25,000 and a reserve fund of $50,000. There are 
two weekly papers, the "Record" and the "Journal." All the fraternal 



orders are represented, and there are seven churches, representing as many 
denominations. There are many beautiful homes, and the atmosphere of 
the town is one of contentment, enterprise and thrift. An active Cham- 
ber of Commerce, with A. G. Balaam as Secretary, is aiding the de- 
velopment of this section, and information may be obtained from him in 
regard to any matters not treated herein. 



V7* c^* «^* 

THE SANTA MARIA VALLEY 

And Tributary District. 



The Santa Maria Valley lies in the extreme northern part of the county 

of Santa Barbara. The valley extends from the 
LOCATION AND ocean on the west 30 miles inland, with a width 
of six to nine miles. The Southern Pacific R. R. 
fcXTfcNT traverses the western portion of this valley, pass- 

ing through Guadalupe. Eight miles east lies 
the principal town, Santa Maria, connected with it by a stage line. 

The valley proper contains about 100,000 acres of agricultural lands 
adapted to varied productions, mainly grains, beans, and sugar beets. 
Westward and to the extreme eastward are dairies and cattle ranges, and 
the hills that skirt the southern end of the valley form an important oil 
belt. 

»^* •^W X00 

Notwithstanding the valley is in latitude 35°, the climate is very mild, 

having no extremes of either summer or winter. 

A TFMPFWATF ^ e coast breezes make it salubrious the year 

round. The official weather records show Jan- 

CLIMATE uary to have an average temperature of 51. 3% 

gradually increasing to a maximum of 65 degrees 

in August, then gradually decreasing to 53 degrees in December. Seldom 

does the thermometer dip below 30 degrees in the coldest weather. 

\&& t&* t&* 

The average rainfall is about 14 inches. This is usually quite suffi- 
cient for beans and grains, but sugar beets require 
niVFPSITY OF irrigation besides. Alfalfa and citrus fruits need 
it also. The valley soil generally is a sandy loam, 
FARMING t h e north mesas being somewhat heavier, and 

the south a more clayey admixture. Here and 
there are sandier lands, but these are not included in the estimated agri- 
cultural acreage. 

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Grain raising is still the leading industry ; the soil is easily worked, 

winters are open, and summers rainless. Last sea- 
son (1903) fully 500,000 sacks of grain were 
GRAINS harvested. The varieties grown in their order of 

importance are common barley, oats (the red 
variety mainly), chevalier barley and wheat. 
Prices are usually very satisfactory. Corn and hay are also grown, but 
mainly for local feeding. The yield of grain varies according to seasons. 
Twenty sacks (one ton) to the acre is not unusual in fair seasons for 
barley or oats, especially on lands summer-cropped the previous season. 

l£fr %0* t&* 

Between Santa Maria and Guadalupe are the main bean fields. The 

small white (navy) and the pink are the leading 
varieties. The crop is a very profitable one, as 
BEANS the yield and prices are usually good. The aver- 

age yield of the valley has been about 150,000 
sacks, but recently sugar beet raising is encroach- 
ing on bean lands. Lima beans have lately been successfully grown, but the 
small whites outyield them. 

5^5* ^* ^* 

Stock raising is carried on mainly in the range hills in the interior, 

beyond the valley proper. To the west near the 

DAIRYING, coast are low hills and bottoms that afford suc- 

STOCK RAISING culent feed for the dairy cattle. Excellent butter 

is produced here and is shipped both to the San 

Francisco and Los Angeles markets. 

^5* ^5* c^* 

This industry is not yet up to its proper development, awaiting irri- 
gating facilities. At present apples, walnuts and 
FRITIT apricots are the only fruits commercially grown. 

The valley seems to be the home of the apricot, 
INDUSTRY which is dried and cured for market. Fine win- 

ter apples are grown in the canons. Lemons can 
be profitably produced only where irrigated. Walnuts in some favored 
bottoms do well. Peaches and other fruits succeed best in the upper val- 
ley — the Sisquoc. 

^W 5^W $<5* 

A fine white variety of potato is raised in this valley. This Santa 

Maria Burbank potato is the equal of the noted 

POTATOES, Salinas Burbank. Onions also grow well. With 

ETC. garvanzas, lentils and the like, though readily 

grown, the market demand is restricted. Eggs 

and poultry raising are also of some importance, and, to a less extent, honey. 

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Quite recently a large sugar factory has been erected in the valley, 

about six miles southwest of Santa Maria, at 

RFFT SIITAP Betteravia, on a branch of the Southern Pacific 

Railway. Several thousand acres are now util- 

INDUSTRi j ze d to grow the sugar beet. This factory, 

known as the Union Sugar Co.'s, employs a great 

many men, aside from the making of sugar, as they grow the greater part 

of their own beets. Any outside beet grower, however, finds an available 

market at good prices. Irrigation is had from wells by pumping, with 

cheap fuel from the local oil wells. 

«(?• ^5* fc5* 

The successful growing of the sugar beet is due entirely to irrigation, 

and the factory managers deserve very much 
SUGAR CO. S credit for developing a most successful irrigation 

IRRIGATION system, at a very small running expense. These 

SYSTEM irrigated lands yield from 15 to 25 tons of high 

sugar percentage beets. The factory has installed 
several pumping plants at different locations in the valley, from any of 
which they can pump out from four million to five million gallons in the 
2A hours ; and notwithstanding this continual demand on the underground 
supply, the water remains inexhaustible. The Santa Maria River basin 
has an enormous drainage area, rising in northwestern Ventura County 
and draining northern Santa Barbara and southern San Luis Obispo coun- 
ties. It forms a natural pass from Kern Valley near Bakersfield to Santa 
Maria and the ocean. Part of the northeastern portion widens out and 
forms the Cuyama Valley. 

5(5* ^W 5^% 

Of all the varied industries and developments that this resourceful 

territory is possessed of, the oil industry has the 

QU most promising future. The enormous asphalt 

beds found in the outlying hills first attracted the 

DEVELOPMENT attention of experts. The Western Union Oil 

Co. was the pioneer in the field, and located on 

the Careaga ranch, in the Los Alamos Valley slope, twelve miles south of 

Santa Maria. About 20 wells have been bored, and their product — a light 

fuel oil — is readily conveyed through pipe lines to tidewater at Gaviota. 

Oil was next discovered eight miles south of Santa Maria, in the Pinal 
territory. These wells spouted when first opened. They produce a high 
grade of refinable oil, 28 gravity. The oil is here found at considerable 
depth, between 1500 and 2100 feet; but the pressure below forces it up so 
that it is easily pumped. A further lower strata of oil is found which 
lies in hundreds of feet of oil sand, showing the immensity of the oil finds. 
The Pinal oil is at present delivered through a pipe line to the narrow 
gauge railway, which transports it to Port Harford for ocean shipment. 

The Union Oil Co. next entered this and the Lompoc Valley territory. 
They have met with equal success and have nearly completed a pipe line 

45 




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to tidewater. The great advantage of oil development in the Santa Maria 
territory over the interior valleys is this facility of cheap transportation. 
Other companies — the California Coast Co., the Recruit Oil Co., the Gra- 
ciosa Co., the Mulholland Co., the Associated Oil Co., the Santa Maria Co. 
and the Pacific Improvement Co. — are testing other outlying parts of the 
valley, with every promise of success. What is most probably oil land, 
though a little distance from proven territory, can yet be purchased at 
reasonable figures. The excellent quality of the oil and the extent of the 
territory assure this of becoming one of the leading oil fields of the State. 

Z0* *2fc *2& 

Santa Maria is centrally located, thirteen miles from the ocean, and 

has a population of about 1500. It is laid out with 

TOWN OF broad streets and has substantial buildings in the 

business section, and neat residences. Many of its 

SANTA MARIA streets are lined with trees. It has its quota of 

churches, good primary and grammar schools, and 

an excellent Union High School ; hotels, two banks, a steam grist and 

flouring mill, a steam laundry, two weekly papers and a number of stores 

and shops. Mr. Hart's water system furnishes the town with abundant 

water, and the new Santa Maria Electric Lighting Co. is about to furnish 

electric lights. 

v5* CiT* !*7* 



South of the Santa Maria Valley, with a low range of hills intervening, 

lies the Los Alamos Valley. It is a narrow val- 

I OS W AMOS ^ ey ' ^ ut ^ e so ^ * s ver y fertile It is mainly de- 

voted to grain, with cattle raising and dairying in 
VALLEY t-h e contiguous hills. Wheat, oats and barley here 

yield sometimes enormously. Good corn is also 
raised. Honey, eggs and poultry raising are minor industries. Parts of the 
valley are very picturesquely wooded. Large beds of asphalt and lime- 
stone are found in the hills, and in several locations petroleum oils. 

The town of the same name is in about the center of the valley, 20 
miles southeast of Santa Maria, on the Narrow Gauge Railway, running 
from Los Olivos, through Santa Maria and through San Luis Obispo 
to Port Harford. 

t^* ^5* V7* 



It is to be remarked that recently a Chamber of Commerce has been 

established in Sonta Maria for the purpose of 
IN affording such information as intending visitors 

CONCLUSION or settlers may require of this northern section of 

Santa Barbara County, and to represent the gen- 
eral interests of the valley. The officers are T. R. Finley, President; P. 
O. Tietzen, R. Hart, M. Fleisher, W. A. Haslam and Chas. Bradley, Di- 
rectors, and the writer, L. E. Blochman, Secretary. 

49 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 

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